The term _quantum system_ describes any physical system that we may model using [quantum mechanics.](Quantum%20Mechanics%20(index).md) A distinct quantum system may contain either [single](Quantum%20mechanical%20particles.md) or [multiple](Quantum%20mechanical%20particles.md#Multi-particle%20systems) particles. Whether or not something is considered a quantum system depends on whether or not it approaches the [classical limit,](Correspondence%20Principle.md#Classical%20limit) i.e. whether the scale of the system is small enough to be modeled quantum mechanically. %%This is vague and unhelpful. what is small enough? is it related to energies being quantized? some distance approaching a debroiglie wavelength? there are mesoscopic systems as well where QM phenomena manifests n larger systems. What about coherent states?%%
![](Closed%20quantum%20systems.md#^7e1b39)
![](Open%20quantum%20systems.md#^e00545)
# Mathematical Representations of quantum Systems
* [state vectors](State%20vector.md)
* [wavefunctions](Wavefunction.md)
* [density matrices](density%20matrix.md)
# Composite quantum systems
%%The term "quantum system" isn't often defined in textbooks. But here are textbooks where it is defined:
- Peres A. _Quantum Theory Concepts and methods_ pg. 24
- Woit's _Quantum Theory, Groups and Representations,_ Defines quantum systems in terms of groups and representations on pg 10.
Are all composite systems "open" quantum systems?
Papers to see:
- Hartle, J. B. Quantum Mechanics of Individual Systems%%
#QuantumMechanics/FoundationsOfQuantumMechanics
#QuantumMechanics/QuantumStateRepresentations